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Zinc is a bluish-white metal that dissolves in alkalis, acetic acid, and inorganic acids, but is insoluble in water. It exhibits high corrosion resistance in the atmosphere. The human body contains approximately 0.0031 TP⁴T of zinc per unit of body weight, equivalent to about 2 grams of zinc in an adult. 901 TP⁴T of zinc is found in bones and muscles, while the remaining 101 TP⁴T plays an important role in the blood. Zinc is an essential mineral for the human body, crucial for the immune system and metabolic function. In developing countries, approximately 2 billion people are affected by zinc deficiency, leading to problems such as stunted growth, weakened immunity, diarrhea in children, as well as amenorrhea, decreased sexual function, narcolepsy, loss of appetite, and lowered IQ in children.

Chondroitin generally refers to chondroitin sulfate, a glycosaminoglycan mainly extracted from mammalian cartilage. It is a major component of the extracellular matrix of mammalian connective tissue cells. It appears as a white or pale yellow amorphous powder, has strong hygroscopic properties, is readily soluble in water to form a viscous solution, and is insoluble in organic solvents such as ethanol, ether, and acetic acid.