如何緩解頭痛？

The "Mayo Clinic" column of Health Magazine features world-class doctors to help you improve your health.
Headaches are the most common complaint of patients and can point to serious illnesses, but about 90% of headaches have no underlying disease, and the so-called primary headaches vary widely.
We usually classify primary headaches into three categories, but headaches can be a combination of all three.
1. Tension-type headache: Gradual onset of dull, aching pain, tingling or tightness in the neck, forehead or scalp.
2.Migraine：
● The pain can be so severe that the person cannot do anything.
● There are three times as many female patients as male.
It may start in adolescence and is less common after the age of 40.
● Headaches may be preceded by changes in vision, tingling in the face or side of the body, or a sudden craving for certain foods.
● Often accompanied by vomiting, photophobia and fear of sound.
3. Cluster headache:
● Regular, unvarying pain around one eye, resulting in watering of the eye, redness, and nasal congestion on the same side.
Seizures often begin at the same time during the day or night, may be as accurate as a clock, and are associated with light or seasonal changes.
The majority of patients are male.
● Often lasts for about 60 minutes.
● May be misdiagnosed as a sinus infection or dental problem.

How to take care of yourself
Occasional tension-type headache
Massage, cold or hot packs, warm showers, resting or other relaxation techniques can help.Tension headacheModerate exercise can also help. If none of these things work, adults can try low-dose aspirin and other medicines.

Periodic headaches
1. Keep a headache diary and record the following factors:
● Severity: So painful that you can't do anything, or just annoying?
● Frequency and duration: When did the headache start? Do they start gradually or come on suddenly? Do they occur at specific times of the day? Is it a monthly or seasonal cycle? How long does it last? What makes it stop?
Related Symptoms: Can you tell when it's coming? Do you feel nauseous or dizzy? Do you see sparks, flashes or white spots? Do you have any special cravings before the attack?
● Location: Is your headache usually unilateral or bilateral? Is it in the neck muscles? Or is it around one eye?
● Family history: Any other family members with similar headaches?
● Triggers: Are your headaches related to a specific food, activity, weather, time of day, or environmental factor?
2. Avoid triggers as much as possible, which may require a change in lifestyle.
3. Proper sleep and exercise.

Special Migraine
The best way to stop migraines as soon as possible is to start treating them as soon as they start. Medications can be used for pain relief as recommended by your doctor. In some cases, the headache will clear up after a nap or a cup of caffeinated coffee or Coke. If self-care does not help after a day or two, seek medical attention. It's important not to ignore unexplained headaches. Seek medical attention immediately if a headache has any of the following symptoms:
1. Sudden onset and severe disease.
2. Accompanied by fever, stiff neck, confusion, stroke, double vision, weakness, paralysis or speech difficulties.
3. Begins or worsens after a head injury, fall, or bump.
4. It is a serious condition that has never existed before, or is continuing to deteriorate.

Children's Headache
Recurrent headaches are common in late childhood and adolescence and rarely indicate a serious problem.
Many viral diseases are accompanied by headaches.
A headache may indicate tension in school, dating or family relationships; it may also be a reaction to medication, especially medication for nasal congestion.
Migraines can happen to children, too.MigraineIt is usually accompanied by vomiting, photophobia and drowsiness. Will clear up in a few hours.
If you think your child has a tension-type headache, try to relax him first. If the attacks are frequent, help your child to keep a headache diary.
Seek medical attention as soon as possible if your child's headaches are persistent; sudden, unexplained and worsening; or follow an ear infection, toothache, septic sore throat or other infection.

Causes of headaches
Headache triggers vary from person to person, here are some common triggers:
:: Alcohol, red wine
● Smoking
● Stress or fatigue
● Eye Excess
● Physical or sexual activity
●Bad posture
● Changing sleeping habits or eating schedules
● Specific foods such as fermented and pickled foods, bananas, caffeine, aged cheese, chocolate, citrus fruits, food additives (sodium nitrite in hot dog sausages or ham, processed foods), and various flavourings (monosodium glutamate), nuts or peanut butter, and sultanas.
● Changes in weather, altitude or time zone
● Hormonal changes during the menstrual cycle, menopause, use of oral contraceptives or hormone replacement therapy
● Strong or flashing lights
:: Odours, including perfumes, floral or natural gases
● Air pollution or poor ventilation
Excessive noise