Hay fever (spring illness): definition, symptoms, and treatment
What is hay fever?
Do you often feel like you have a cold in the spring, but you don't actually have one? You might be experiencing hay fever. Ignore the English name for now; hay fever has nothing to do with hay and doesn't cause fever. Hay fever is actually an allergy symptom, also known as seasonal allergic rhinitis.
Hay fever occurs when the body's immune system overreacts to substances in the environment, while most people are unaffected. These substances are called allergens. In spring, plants grow and bloom, releasing tiny particles called pollen, which are common allergens that can trigger hay fever.
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Why does spring trigger hay fever?
Spring is the peak season for hay fever because trees, grass, and weeds release large amounts of pollen into the air. The weather gets warmer and windier, carrying pollen miles away. When people with hay fever inhale this pollen, their bodies mistakenly believe they are under attack and release chemicals like histamine to fight it off. This reaction leads to the symptoms of hay fever.
Symptoms of hay fever
Hay fever symptoms can be very bothersome and even painful. Here are some common symptoms:
- Sneezing and coughing: Symptoms are similar to those of a cold.
- Runny nose or nasal congestion: You may feel that your nose is blocked or that you have a runny nose.
- Itchy eyes, nose, ears, and throat: You feel you have to scratch to get relief.
- Tearing eyes: Your eyes may be constantly watering, but it's certainly not because you're sad!
- Headache and fatigue: Sometimes sneezing, coughing, and nasal congestion can make you feel headache and tired.
You may experience these symptoms immediately upon exposure to pollen, and the symptoms can persist as long as you remain in a pollen-rich environment. For some, however, these symptoms may persist throughout the spring.
Treatment of hay fever
Fortunately, there are some ways to help relieve hay fever symptoms:
- drug:Many medications can help. Antihistamines can reduce sneezing, runny nose, and itching. Nasal sprays can relieve nasal congestion, and eye drops can relieve itchy and watery eyes. Most treatments are safe for children, but it's always best to consult a doctor or pharmacist first as a precaution.
- Stay indoorsOn days with very high pollen concentrations, staying indoors can help you avoid the worst. Closing windows and using air conditioning can prevent pollen from entering your home.
- Wearing sunglassesWearing sunglasses when outdoors can prevent pollen from getting into your eyes.
- Shower and change clothes after going out.This helps remove pollen from your body and clothes, preventing you from continuously inhaling pollen once you enter indoors.
Is hay fever curable?
While hay fever cannot be completely cured, controlling pollen exposure and using medication can greatly help manage symptoms. Some people find their symptoms become less severe as they age. For those with very severe allergy symptoms, doctors may recommend an allergy vaccine. This is a long-term treatment plan that gradually adapts your body to pollen by administering a vaccine containing a small amount of pollen, eventually reducing your severe pollen allergy reaction.
Conclusion
Hay fever is a common problem in spring, but with the right approach, you can manage these unpleasant symptoms. Understanding the causes and treatments of hay fever will bring you much peace of mind. Please note that if your symptoms are truly bothersome or medication is ineffective, it's best to seek medical help. They can help you find the best way to control hay fever, allowing you to enjoy a sneeze-free spring!
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